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Data Depersonalization Techniques – Introduction

Publication date: June 23, 2025

Due to the constantly advancing digitalization of practically all aspects of our lives, in order to ensure the development of technologies such as those based on artificial intelligence (AI), their creators need to collect qualitative personal data. Thanks to them, algorithms will be able to lead to the desired end state in a much more precise way.

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Copyright protection of AI generated work – legal aspects

Publication date: June 18, 2025

Until recently, under US law, images generated entirely by artificial intelligence could not be protected by copyright. The US Copyright Office (USCO) maintains that copyright protection is only available to works in which the process involves significant human input. In late January 2025, the USCO made a revolutionary decision in which it was recognized that Kent Keirsey’s work titled “A Single Piece of American Cheese” including the selection, arrangement, and modification of the image by a human, constituted sufficient creative contribution to be subject to copyright protection.

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Investment Funds under Polish law – open-end investment funds, specialist open-end investment funds and closed-end investment funds

Publication date: June 02, 2025

According to art. 3 sec. 1 of the Act of 27 May 2004 on investment funds and management of alternative investment funds, an investment fund is a legal person whose exclusive business activity is to invest funds collected by proposing the purchase of participation units or investment certificates in securities, money market instruments and other property rights specified in the Act. This means that the sole purpose of such a fund is to invest money that has been collected from people. The investment must meet the principles specified in the Act. It is worth noting that an investment fund acquires legal personality only upon entry into the register of investment funds.

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INFLUENCERS AND ADVERTISEMENT

Publication date: May 23, 2025

Guidelines of the Polish Office of the Protection of Competition and Consumers

Guidelines issued by the Polish Office of the Protection of Competition and Consumers on the legal correctness of advertising products or services provided by influencers:

Unlawful practices:

  • Failure to highlight advertising materials and differentiate them from non-commercial ones;
  • Misleading omissions – Article 6, section 1 of the Act of 23 August 2007 on counteracting unfair market practices;
  • Surreptitious advertising consisting in the use of journalistic content in mass media in order to promote a product – Article 7, point 11 of the Act on Counteracting Unfair Market Practices;
  • An act of unfair competition when a statement that encourages the purchase of goods or services gives the impression of neutral information – Article 16 section 1 point 4 of the Act of 16 April 1993 on Combating Unfair Competition.

We assess the compliance of an influencer, advertiser or advertising agency with the regulations individually, based on specific circumstances.

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MEASURES SUPPORTING INNOVATION – Regulatory sandboxes. Testing innovative solutions, including systems based on artificial intelligence, in controlled conditions.

Publication date: May 23, 2025

The ability to create and implement new ideas is one of the most important elements that helps companies stand out on the market and achieve success. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a particularly important role in the development of the economy. They are the ones that often employ people in their local communities, quickly adapt to changes and are the source of many modern solutions. According to the definition in Commission Recommendation 2003/361, the SME category includes enterprises with fewer than 250 employees, whose annual turnover does not exceed EUR 50 million or whose annual balance sheet total does not exceed EUR 43 million. Within this category, a distinction is made between microenterprises (up to 10 employees), small enterprises (up to 50 employees) and medium-sized enterprises (up to 250 employees).

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