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Packaging requirements and the method of introducing sweets to the market

Publication date: June 23, 2025

Regulations on the safety of food contact materials and limiting the impact of plastics on the environment

Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004 and Directive (EU) 2019/904 are two key pieces of legislation that aim to protect public health and the environment, focusing on materials and articles intended to come into contact with food and reducing the environmental impact of single-use plastic products.

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Sensitive patient data as company assets

Publication date: June 18, 2025

In the era of digitalization and the growing role of data in the economy, patients’ medical information is becoming not only the subject of legal protection, but also a significant economic resource. Sensitive data – including treatment history, diagnoses, test results or genetic information – is increasingly treated by entities operating in the healthcare sector as a potential asset. Used for analytical, research and sometimes commercial purposes, it is becoming an element of the business strategy of medical, biotechnological or technological companies. However, such an approach raises a number of legal, ethical and social questions. Can patients’ personal data be perceived as a commodity? What are the boundaries of personal data protection regulations, such as GDPR? And finally – is it possible to reconcile business interests with the patient’s right to privacy and autonomy?

This article will discuss the above issues in the context of Polish and EU law.

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Life sciences and healthcare in Poland – briefing of recent legal changes in 2025

Publication date: June 02, 2025

The new organizational model of Primary Health Care facilities and the introduction of the institution of a medical proxy have been in force since 1 January 2025. It has introduced changes to the functioning of primary health care, primarily through the creation of teams consisting of a family doctor, nurse and midwife, who jointly provide care for the patient. Nurses and midwives will cease to function as independent practices with their own patient lists. From 2025, they will form teams with primary health care doctors, which means that when a patient chooses a doctor, they automatically accept the entire care team. Patient declarations about choosing a specific nurse or midwife lose their validity. This raises concerns, because approximately 1,600 entities run independent nursing and midwifery practices, serving approximately 8 million patients, which may lose the ability to continue operating after the changes, moreover, the regulations do not specify precisely the principles on which independent nursing and midwifery practices are to be included in primary health care teams, which raises uncertainty and even greater concerns among the nursing community.

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Occupational health and safety obligations – Polish law

Publication date: June 02, 2025

The employer is obliged to provide employees with working conditions that meet the requirements of occupational health and safety in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Labor and Social Policy on general occupational health and safety regulations (Journal of Laws 2003.169.1650). Compliance with these rules is crucial for the protection of the health of employees and their comfort while performing their duties.

Working environment conditions

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Professional liability of medical personnel – legal and ethical aspects

Publication date: May 09, 2025

Physicians’ liability is one of the key pillars of the healthcare system. It provides mechanisms for controlling the quality of medical services and protecting patients from errors and negligence. In the Polish legal system, this liability is multidimensional, encompassing disciplinary, civil and criminal liability. Each of these areas has a separate function, although their common goal is to ensure safety and maintain high standards of medical practice.

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