Publication date: May 18, 2023

Molecular farming is a field of biotechnology that promotes the use of plant crops as biofactories for the production of high-value bioproducts using biotechnology. The term also includes the genetic modification of agricultural products for the production of proteins for commercial and pharmaceutical purposes. The transformation of non-viable crops into efficient biofactories is aimed at an effective solution in the context of a modern bioeconomy and at the same time supporting a sustainable rural development strategy through, among others, the best possible synthesis of plants with drugs.

The term “molecular farming” was coined in 1986, but it took three decades for the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) to approve the first plant-derived therapeutic protein. Carrot cell protein turned out to be a valuable tool in the treatment of a rare genetic disorder, which is Gaucher disease, which causes abnormal breakdown of fats in the human body, and therapeutic protein of plant origin helps restore proper metabolic function (research by the Israeli pharmaceutical company Protalix BioTherapeutics has shown this fact). Plant-derived pharmaceutical products have received a lot of attention in recent years due to the increasing demand for clinical applications in recent years.

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Publication date: April 21, 2023

On Friday, April 21, 2023, the Regulation of the Minister of Development and Technology was published in the Journal of Laws, authorizing the transit of agricultural products from Ukraine through Poland. It abolished the regulations contained in the regulation of April 15, 2023, which introduced a total ban on importing agricultural products to Poland. After the meeting of the government of the Republic of Poland and Ukraine on April 19, 2023, it was decided to resume the transit. However, the new regulations contain safeguards to ensure that all products are exported from the territory of the Republic of Poland. Pursuant to the Regulation, the carriage of goods will be possible only in a situation where the transit ends in the seaports of Gdańsk, Gdynia, Świnoujście or Szczecin, and in a situation where it ends outside the territory of the Republic of Poland. The Regulation itself is to apply from April 21, 2023 to June 30, 2023. At the same time, the ban on importing products to Poland from Ukraine is maintained.

The Regulation applies to products such as cereals, sugars, dried fodder, seeds, hops, flax and hemp, fruit and vegetables, processed fruit and vegetable products, wines, beef and veal, milk and milk products, pork, mutton and goat meat, eggs, poultry meat, ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin, bee products, other products excluding CN codes falling within heading 0101 (live horses, donkeys, mules and hinnies).

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KIELTYKA GLADKOWSKI humbly yet proudly announces that it has been ranked in the Legal500 EMEA 2023 ranking in the category: Data Privacy and Data Protection, Life Sciences and Healthcare and Private Client.

This achievement was made possible due to the trust of our Clients and international Colleagues from law firms with which we cooperate.

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Publication date: April 11, 2023

In the light of the GDPR, the principles of data protection do not apply to data whose links between personal data and the persons concerned have been irreversibly removed. Consequently, anonymization is not subject to the provisions of the GDPR Regulation. However, the measure that the GDPR directly indicates as a method of data protection is pseudo-anonymization. In this case, personal data is replaced in such a way that with the use of appropriate information it is possible to identify the persons to whom data relates.

The main mechanism on which pseudo-anonymization is based is the replacement of sensitive information with identifiers, which are then properly encrypted, but in a way that allows the possible reversal of this procedure. Therefore, in the whole process, we receive two sets of information, the first is a set of data that we cannot associate with any natural person, and the second is information containing identifiers that allow the data to be assigned to a specific person. Only authorized users have the ability to reconstruct data. According to the findings of The Article 29 Working Party, we can distinguish five anonymization techniques. They are secret key encryption, hash function, hash function with key, deterministic encryption and tokenization.

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Publication date: April 11, 2023

With the current energy crisis that many European countries are suffering, all the players, states, companies and individuals, are searching for new sources of energy at lower costs. At the same time, sustainability and the environmental compromise are becoming one of the axis of corporate activity focusing in achieving neutral-emission goals. In this context, it is worth discussing Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) which are understood as long-term contracts under which a business agrees to purchase electricity directly from a renewable energy generator. This type of agreement originated over a decade ago in the United States and, since then, these contracts had grown exponentially from a 0.1 GW in 2010 to 23.7 GW in 2020 and had spread across all the continents.

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