On Wednesday, March 9, U.S. President signed an executive order – a directive through which he manages the federal government’s activities. The decree was dedicated to the problem of digital asset development. The government administration was required to develop a strategy to better understand the risks and opportunities posed by digital assets. With this executive order, the White House directed the Departments of Treasury, Commerce, State and Justice, among others, to examine elements of the rapidly growing cryptocurrency market. The government agencies will review the market over the next six months and prepare a public report with recommendations for the federal government’s approach to digital currencies.
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The number of financial frauds consisting in phishing login details in electronic banking services is growing worldwide, including Poland. Fraudsters use the Internet and telephone, impersonating, inter alia, the Polish Financial Supervision Authority, the Credit Information Bureau or banks. As the Bank Cyber Security Center of the Polish Bank Association points out, the methods used by criminals include, inter alia, telephones in which undetermined people call potential victims and pretend to be commonly recognized financial institutions, try to obtain sensitive data used, for example, to log in to electronic banking. Fraudsters can also persuade the people they call to install software on the computer or phone that will allow them to take control of the victim’s device and obtain further data – such as logins and passwords for banking services, as well as SMS codes authorizing transactions financial.
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The United States and the European Commission have committed to a new Trans-Atlantic Data Privacy Framework, which will foster trans-Atlantic data flows and address the concerns raised by the Court of Justice of the European Union when it struck down in 2020 the Commission’s adequacy decision underlying the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield framework.
This Framework will reestablish an important legal mechanism for transfers of EU personal data to the United States. The United States has committed to implement new safeguards to ensure that signals intelligence activities are necessary and proportionate in the pursuit of defined national security objectives, which will ensure the privacy of EU personal data and to create a new mechanism for EU individuals to seek redress if they believe they are unlawfully targeted by signals intelligence activities. This deal in principle reflects the strength of the enduring U.S.-EU relationship, as we continue to deepen our partnership based on our shared democratic values.
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A producer of free computer games does not earn money by selling them, but by advertising. Therefore, he pays a higher tax than the one who provides games for a fee – according to the interpretation of the director of the Polish National Tax Information.
As a result of this interpretation, the situation of producers (so-called developers) of paid and free games is diversified: the former are not entitled to the IP Box tax relief, the latter indeed are.
Premium games
The IP Box relief in Poland consists in taxing income from qualified intellectual property rights at a preferential rate of 5% of personal income tax or corporate income tax. It concerns, among others the income from fees or charges under the license agreement (Article 30ca (7) (1) of the Polish PIT Act and analogous Article 24d (7) (1) of the Polish CIT Act). In practice, therefore, a person who buys a game from the producer (developer) signs a license agreement with him.
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Since Poland became the member of the European Space Agency in 2012, Polish space sector has been rapidly grooving.
Despite continuous development, Polish space companies focus mainly on niches. They manufacture high quality products mainly for the European Space Agency, as well as national agencies. An example of success in such a niche is Astronika, which regularly wins international tenders to provide specialised instruments for space agencies and private companies. One of its greatest achievements is the supply of parts for the penetrator mounted on the Mars Insight probe.
Until now, Polish companies have mainly been sub-suppliers of instruments, which were later assembled into a finished product by an integrator. Therefore, the main challenge facing entities of the Polish space sector is to advance in the supply chain and achieve higher margins.
The NewSpace revolution
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