Publication date: May 05, 2026

With the development of technology, in the age of digital innovation, increasing emphasis is being placed on the so-called token model, which provides a portion of employee compensation. This model involves companies paying a specific portion of an employee’s earnings in the form of utility tokens, which are digital units of value created using blockchain technology — the same technology used for cryptocurrencies. These tokens constitute a form of barter that can be exchanged for loyalty points, various benefits (training on specific topics, language courses, etc.), bonuses, and specific services or privileges at work. These tokens are stored in a virtual wallet within an app, accessible by each employee. Furthermore, these tokens can sometimes be exchanged for cash, which sometimes raises legal issues, as discussed below.

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Publication date: November 18, 2025

Cryptoassets, of which a token is a type, are digital representations of value or rights that can be transferred and stored electronically using distributed ledger technology or similar technologies. There are three types of tokens: payment or e-money tokens, which serve as a medium of exchange or a store of value; investment tokens, which perform functions analogous to securities; and utility tokens, which provide access to services or products, somewhat similar to vouchers. There are also hybrid tokens, for example, combining the features of cryptocurrencies and real-world assets. These tokens operate by embodying the value of a specific real-world asset and combining it with the flexibility and efficiency of cryptocurrencies. The goal is to provide access to blockchain technology while simultaneously providing a solid link to the underlying tangible asset.

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